專升本英語(yǔ)閱讀理解練習(xí)(5.18)

　　Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.

　　It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.

　　Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in their intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

　　問(wèn)題：

　　1.If a child is born with low intelligence, he can_______.

　　A.not reach his intelligence limits in his life

　　B.go beyond his intelligence limits in rich surroundings

　　C.still become a genius if he should be given special education

　　D.become a genius

　　【參考答案】B

　　[考點(diǎn)]推理判斷題

　　【精析】B 題干的大意是：如果一個(gè)孩子出生時(shí)是低智商，他能。本題可用排除法。根據(jù)第一段第四句“To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence.”可知，選項(xiàng)C、D不正確。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.”可知，一個(gè)人會(huì)不會(huì)達(dá)到其智商的限度將取決于所處環(huán)境，A項(xiàng)不正確，所以選B項(xiàng)。

　　2. “If we take two unrelated people at random from the population”(Para. 2) means if we_________.

　　A.choose two persons with different intelligence

　　B.choose two persons who are relative

　　C.take out two persons of close relationship

　　D.pick any two persons

　　【參考答案】D

　　[考點(diǎn)]詞語(yǔ)理解題

　　【精析】D 題干的大意是：“如果我們從人群中隨意找兩個(gè)毫無(wú)關(guān)系的人”的意思是。理解這句話的意思關(guān)鍵在于理解句中兩個(gè)重要的單詞unrelated(無(wú)親戚關(guān)系的)和random(任意的)，這里指隨機(jī)挑選任何兩個(gè)人，所以選D項(xiàng)。

　　3. The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows______.

　　A.the part that birth plays

　　B.the importance of their positions

　　C.the role of environment in intelligence

　　D.the importance of their intelligence

　　【參考答案】C

　　[考點(diǎn)]推理判斷題

　　【精析】C 題干的大意是：把雙胞胎分別放在大學(xué)和工廠兩個(gè)不同的環(huán)境生活的例子，說(shuō)明了。文中第三段舉了一個(gè)雙胞胎的例子，為了說(shuō)明環(huán)境對(duì)人的智商起著非常重要的作用，所以選C項(xiàng)。

　　4. The writer is in favor of the view that man's intelligence is given to him_______.

　　A.neither at birth nor through education

　　B.both at birth and through education

　　C.through education

　　D.at birth

　　【參考答案】B

　　[考點(diǎn)]推理判斷題

　　【精析】B 題干的大意是：作者贊同的觀點(diǎn)是人的智商的形成是由。文章第二段闡述了遺傳對(duì)智商的影響。第三段通過(guò)把雙胞胎分別放在大學(xué)和工廠兩個(gè)不同環(huán)境的例子說(shuō)明了環(huán)境在智商形成中的作用，所以人的智商受到遺傳和環(huán)境的影響。故選B。

　　5.The best title of this passage can be_______.

　　A.Effect of Education

　　B.Dependence on Environment

　　C.Intelligence

　　D.Surroundings

　　【參考答案】C

　　[考點(diǎn)]主旨大意題

　　【精析】C 題干的大意是：這篇文章的最佳題目是。通過(guò)對(duì)69題的分析可知，文章討論的中心話題是“智商”，所以選C項(xiàng)。